Published February 2024, Pg. 12-18

Section: Geology and geophysics

UOT: 550.8.053

DOI: 10.37474/0365-8554/2024-02-12-18

An information-analytical overview of mud volcanoes in the lower Kura basin (Azerbaijan)

U.A. Movsumova Cand. in Geol.-Min.Sc. - Oil and Gas Institute

R.A. Asgarova PhD in Soil Sc. - Oil and Gas Institute

This article provides an overview of mud volcanoes (MV) of the Lower Kura region (Azerbaijan). The Lower Kura Depression (LKD) occupies the southeastern part of the Kura-Araks lowlands. Tectonically the LKD is considered to be the eastern edge belonging to the west board of the South Caspian Basin (SCB). The large thickness of sedimentary deposits, reaching 25 km, and the high rate of sedimentation are consequences of the activity of the Paleovolga and Paleokura. Mud volcanic structures in the region are widespread and associated mainly with longitudinal fault dislocations of large amplitude. This paper provides an assessment of numerous research data from studies of mud volcanic products of the Lower Kura Basin. 
Using the PETROMOD software package, mud volcanoes, and the main factors of their formation were analyzed and physical models were built. The identified differences in the chemical composition of gases and water, kerogen types of organic matter contained in rock emissions, make it possible to improve the understanding of sediments located in deep zones, poorly studied or not yet opened. The conducted research and analysis once again prove that the use of new methods for studying mud volcanism, giving preference to comprehensive analysis, is an important requirement of oil and gas geology.

References:

1. Guliyev I.S., Mamedov P.Z., Feyzullayev A.A., Huseynov D.A., Kadirov F.A., Aliyeva E.H.-M., Tagiyev M.F. Hydrocarbon systems of the South Caspian basin. Ed. I.S. Guliyev. Baku, “Nafta-Press”, 2003, 206 p.

2. Guliev I.S, Bagirov E., Nadirov R. Evolution of the South Caspian Basin. Geologic risks and probable hazards, Baku, 1997, 580 p.

3. Aliyev Ad.A., Guliev I.S., Dadashov F.H. & Rahmanov R.R. Atlas of the world mud volcanoes Chief Editor: Academician Ak.A. Ali-zadeh.; ISBN 978-9952-437-60-7. Baku, “Nafta-Press” and “Sandro Teti Editore”), 2015, 361 p.

4. Limonov A. F., Woodside J. M., Cita M. B., Ivanov M. K. The Mediterranean Ridge and related mud diapirism: a background. Marine Geology, 132 (1-4), 1996, p. 7-19.

5. Guliyev I.S., Yusubov N.P. The role of mud volcanism in formation of oil and gas fields, Socar Proceedings, 2020, No. 3, p. 011-017. (in Russian)

6. Odonne F., Imbert P., Remy D., Gabalda G., Aliyev Ad.A., Abbasov O.R., Baloglanov E.E., Bichaud V., Juste R., Dupuis M., Bonvalot S. Surface structure, activity and microgravimetry modeling delineate contrasted mud chamber types below flat and conical mud volcanoes from Azerbaijan. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 134 (3-4), 105315, 2021.

7. Guliyev I.S., Feyzullayev A.A., Huseynov D.A. Carbon isotopic composition of hydrocarbon fluids in the South Caspian Megabasin, Geochem. Int., 2001, No. 3, pp. 245–252.

8. Guliyev I.S., Huseynov D.A., Feyzullayev A.A. Geochemical features and sources of fluids in mud volcanoes in the South Caspian sedimentary basin in light of new data on C, H, and O isotopes, Geochem. Int., 2004, No. 7, pp. 792–800.

9. Askerova R.A. Evaluation of hydrocarbon potential of Lower Kura on the basis of basin modeling technologies. PhD thesis, 2016, 199 p.

10. Aliyev Ad.A., Gasanov A.G., Kabulova A.Ya. Mud volcanoes and seismicity of the Shemakhino-Gobustan region. In the book: “Materials of the anniversary session dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the IGAN of Azerbaijan. Baku, “Elm”, 1989, p. 215-217. (in Russian)

11. Aliyev Ad.A, Keramova R.A. Influence of seismicity and mud volcanoes on the hydrogeochemical regime of the fluids of Azerbaijan (On an example of the Caspian-Baku earthquake 25.11. 2000 year). IRI, 5^th International Conference on Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, 2007, p.11 -16.

12. Abbasova S.V., Rustamova H.R. Use of genetic relationships of organic substances and microcomponents of groundwater to assess the prospects for oil and gas potential of Eocene and Upper Cretaceous deposits of the Middle Kura depression. Azerbaijan Oil Industry, No. 4, 2011, p. 7 -11.

13. Lavrushin V.Yu., Guliyev I.S., Kikvadze O.E., Aliyev Ad.A., Pokrovsky B.G., Polyak B.G. Waters of mud volcanoes in Azerbaijan: isotope-chemical features and conditions of formation. Lithology and Minerals, 2015, No. 1, p. 3-29.

14. Huseinov D.A., Aliyev Ad.A., Guliev I.S. Mud volcanism of the South Caspian oil and gas basin. In: Geology of Azerbaijan. Vol. VII, Oil and gas. Baku, Nafta-Press, 2008, p.672. (in Russian).