Published November 2024, Pg. 22-26

Section: Oil and gas preparing and transportation

UOT: 622.276.6

DOI: 10.37474/0365-8554/2024-11-22-26

Investigation of oil spills in pipelines under pressureless flow conditions

G.G. Ismailov Dr. in Tech. Sc. - Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry

A.R. Nagizade - “Oil-Gas Scientific Research Design” Institute

In order to assess the losses and environmental impact during oil pipeline operations due to oil spills, it is essential to determine the volume of spilled oil. Generally, the existing mathematical models for calculating the amount of hydrocarbons spilled in accidents are based on the hydraulics of monophasic flow of liquid and gas through openings and tubes. However, appropriate evaluation and calculation methods for multiphase flows are almost non-existent in the literature and regulatory documents. Therefore, the development and application of methods for accurately determining the volume of oil or gas released into the environment from pipelines under various conditions deserve special attention.
Analysis shows that in the accident-prone section of pipelines, due to the loss of integrity, a ballast volume forms when the liquid is discharged from the pipeline into the environment. Typically, for assessing oil spills, two points – maximum and minimum – are marked in the profile at the damaged and perforated section. A graph reflecting the distribution of hydrostatic pressure is constructed in this area. It is mistakenly assumed that the pressure at the leak point (at the point with the minimum height) is maximal, using the formula patm+ρghP. However, in reality, atmospheric pressure occurs at the minimum point, which is at the leak site.
This article investigates the assessment of pressureless oil spills in pipelines with varying terrain profiles and presents possible scenarios. It also demonstrates, based on the principle of flow continuity, that complete emptying of the pipeline due to accidental leaks is impossible.
In the event of oil spills, the complete drainage of the pipeline in a gravity flow mode is only possible if there are perforations at all the extremal points of the pipeline profile.

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