Published September 2025, Pg. 49-54

Section: Еcology and industrial safety

UOT: 620.93

DOI: 10.37474/0365-8554/2025-09-49-54

Ways to reduce the negative impact of climate change in Azerbaijan

F.N. Karimov - Oil and Gas Institute

E.I. Aliyev - Oil and Gas Institute

M.G. Mehtiyev - Oil and Gas Institute

F.Z. Bayramova - Oil and Gas Institute

After the World Meteorological Organization recorded an increase in the annual average atmospheric temperature and its recent acceleration, this prompted scientists to search for its cause. The results of the conducted studies made it clear that emissions of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O, etc.) into the atmosphere have a negative impact on global climate change. The problem had reached such proportions that the UN had convened a world conference in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1992 to address it. The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change was adopted at the conference. The purpose of the convention was to inventory greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere that have an adverse effect on climate change, reduce them and ensure that people adapt to changing climate conditions. Azerbaijan joined this Convention in 1995.
After the Convention, the Kyoto Protocol was adopted in 2000 and the Paris Agreement was adopted in 2015 to further strengthen the activities under the Convention. In the Paris Agreement, all states, having assessed their capabilities, made commitments until 2030. By joining the Paris Agreement, Azerbaijan has set a goal to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases by 35 % by 2030 compared to 1990. In this regard, our country has prepared a document on contributions to the Paris Agreement and submitted it to the Secretariat of the Convention. Currently, the updated contribution document already commits to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 40 % by 2030. Fulfilment of such a commitment can, of course, be achieved by implementing projects in major sources of greenhouse gases in the country.

References:

1. Karimov F.N., Guliev F.A., Gadzhieva A.A. Sushchestvuyushchie istochniki parnikovykh gazov v Azerbaidzhane i puti snizheniya ikh negativnogo vozdeistviya na izmenenie klimata // Neftyanaya promyshlennost’ Azerbaidjana, 2019, № 11, s. 61-65.

2. Kh. Yusifzadeh, E.Q. Shahbazov, N.A. Veliyev, Sh.Sh. Shafiyev, S.K. Haciyev. Azerbaijan Republic, (SOCAR, SPI). Nanotechnology in oil production, Systemic, nonequilibrium, effects of synergism. “Khazarneftqasyataq-2008” International Scientific-Practical Conference. 4–6 November, 2008.

3. Karimov F.N., Guliev F.A., Bayramova F.Z., Shikhiyeva L.M. Ulavlivanie i khranenie uglekislogo gaza i ego tselevoe ispolzovanie // Neftyanaya promyshlennost’ Azerbaidjhana, 2021, № 2, s. 54-57.

4. Karimov F.N., Veliev N.A., Bayramova F.Z. Sozdanie khranilishcha dlya ulavlivaniya uglekislogo gaza (CO₂) iz atmosfery v istoshchennykh neftegazovykh rezervuarakh, raspolozhennykh na Asheronskom poluostrove, g. Baku // Zhurnal Anas Transaction. Spetsial’nyi vypusk 2023, s. 98-101.