Published January 2026, Pg. 11-26
Section: Geology and geophysics
UOT: 550.8:553
DOI: 10.37474/0365-8554/2026-01-11-26
The role of paleorivers in the formation of the sedimentary cover and accumulation of hydrocarbon deposits in the productive layers of hydrocarbon-bearing structures in the South Caspian Basin
E.Y. Abbasov Dr. in Geol.-Min. Sc - Azerbaijan State University of Oil and IndustryIn the oil strategies of Azerbaijan and its neighboring countries – Russia, Iran, Turkmenistan, and Kazakh-stan – the primary objective in the exploration of the South Caspian Megatrough (SCM) is to expand the research areas and depth intervals of promising structures, and to identify hydrocarbon resources formed in deep layers. Investigating the fluid-dynamic characteristics of the sedimentary sequences involved in the deep structure of the SCM using modern geophysical methods, studying the formation conditions of oil and gas fields in deep layers, discovering new deep reservoirs, and analyzing the geological-tectonic structure, fluid-dynamic and thermobaric conditions of these structures – along with studying productive layers using modern models and determining promising directions for new field exploration – constitute some of the most pressing scientific problems.
The geological-tectonic structure, geodynamic stress regime, seismic activity, fluid-dynamic features, and thermobaric conditions of the South Caspian regional depression have been studied to date, and various maps have been produced over the years. It is assumed that the influence of geodynamic factors has led to the formation of promising structures, and that favorable fluid-dynamic conditions have significantly increased the probability of numerous oil and gas fields forming at greater depths.
This article analyzes the role of geodynamic stress in the formation of existing fields, the mechanisms of oil and gas structure development, and the fluid-dynamic characteristics of intensively exploited reservoirs, based on geophysical data interpreted using new models. In the modern era, scientific progress, the emergence of advanced technologies, the improvement of geophysical methods, and the accumulation of a vast geological-geophysical data base have made the modeling and study of promising oil and gas structures in deep layers a highly relevant and urgent issue.
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