Published May 2026, Pg. 62-73

Section: Young scientists and specialists

UOT: 665.753:665.658.2:537.2

DOI: 10.37474/0365-8554/2026-05-62-73

Effect of metal salts derived from naphthenic acids and their 200–280 oC fraction on diesel fuel electrical conductivity

T.T. Tamrazli - Institute of Petrochemical Processes

The article presents a comprehensive study of the effect of Ni, Co, Zn, Mn, and Fe salts synthesized from technical petroleum acid (TPA) and its fraction separated within the 200–280 oC temperature range on the electrical conductivity of diesel fuel, with the aim of improving its antistatic properties. The main objective of the study was to determine the antistatic efficiency of salts of different metals, evaluate the effects of additive concentration and storage time on electrical conductivity, and comparatively assess the effectiveness of metal salts obtained from technical petroleum acid as a whole and from its 200–280 oC fraction.
In the study, Ni, Co, Zn, Mn, and Fe salts were synthesized from technical petroleum acid and its 200–280 oC fraction, and the applicability of the resulting compounds as antistatic additives for diesel fuel was evaluated. 
The synthesized metal salts were added to diesel distillate at concentrations of 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 %.
Untreated diesel distillate was used as the control. The effect of the additives on the electrical conductivity of the fuel was determined after 1, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days of storage. Electrical conductivity measurements were performed using an EL-4M instrument in accordance with the requirements of GOST 25950-83 and GOST 33461-2015.
The results demonstrated that the effect of the synthesized metal salts on the electrical conductivity of
diesel fuel depended significantly on the nature of the metal, additive concentration, fraction of technical petroleum acid used, and storage time. The electrical conductivity of the untreated diesel distillate was 85 pS/m on the first day and remained at approximately 77 pS/m during the subsequent measurement periods. Among the metal salts obtained from the whole technical petroleum acid, Fe and Co salts exhibited the highest antistatic activity. At a concentration of 0.15 %, after 40 days of storage, the electrical conductivity reached 1382 pS/m for the Fe salt and 1360 pS/m for the Co salt.
A comparative analysis of the metal salts obtained from the 200–280 oC fraction of technical petroleum
acid showed that the additives derived from this fraction, particularly Fe and Co salts, exhibited higher antistatic efficiency. At a concentration of 0.15 % and after 40 days of storage, the electrical conductivity of diesel fuel containing the Co salt reached 1615 pS/m, whereas that of the sample containing the Fe salt reached 1675 pS/m. Thus, the application of the Fe salt obtained from the 200–280 oC fraction at a concentration of 0.15 % increased the electrical conductivity of diesel fuel by approximately 21.8 times compared with untreated diesel fuel. For this sample, the increase in electrical conductivity from 1500 pS/m on the first day to 1675 pS/m after 40 days indicates that the additive provides not only a high initial antistatic effect but also sufficient stability during storage.
The overall comparison of the experimental results demonstrated that both the nature of the metal ion
and the fractional composition of the petroleum acid used for the synthesis of the salts play an important role in determining their antistatic efficiency. In particular, the use of the 200–280 oC fraction provided more favorable results in increasing the electrical conductivity of diesel fuel for Fe, Co, Mn, and Ni salts. The obtained results indicate that the efficient utilization of technical petroleum acid fractions is a promising approach for developing new antistatic additives capable of reducing electrostatic charge accumulation and increasing the electrical conductivity of diesel fuel. The highest electrical conductivity obtained with the Fe salt identifies this composition as a promising candidate for further physicochemical, performance, and long-term stability
studies.

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