Published January 2011
Surface-active quaternary salts based on (alkanol)amines and chloroxypropyl ethers of aliphatic alcohols and esters of higher monocarboxylic acids
G.A.AhmadovaIn the paper brief information of review character is given about scientific-research works carried out in IPCP of NASA during recent 5-6 years in the field of obtaining, study and application of novel cationic surfactants of ionic liquid nature. Quaternary salts of chloroxypropyl ethers of polyatomic aliphatic alcohols (the fourth group salts) have also been synthesized. As polyatomic alcohol ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3- butylene glycol, glycerine and as a base MEA, DEA, TEA, DEAM, piperidine and pyridine have been taken. Structure and composition of synthesized salts have been confirmed by IR-, 1H NMR- and UV-spectroscopy methods as well as chemical analysis. By electro-conductometric method has been determined that aqueous solutions of these salts have much higher specific electric conductance than water itself that evidences their ionic structure. It has been revealed by stalagmometric measurements that these salts possess a high surface activity at the water-kerosene and water-air interfaces. Laboratory tests conducted with thin films of Ramany crude oil on the surface of 4 kinds of water (distilled, fresh, sea and layer ) showed that most salts of the first, second and third groups have a capability to collect or disperse these petroleum films. Some salts of the fourth group exhibit properties of retarding gasoline vaporization. Certain salts from the second group display strong inhibiting activity regarding corrosion of steel in the hydrochloric acid medium.
