Published July 2010

Methods of oil preparing for processing

F.I. Samedova

A.M. Kasumova

It is known that along the soluted gases there are also various mixtures such as sand, clay, salts and water in oil. The water content in oil transported by main pipelines constitutes up to 1 %, but in the oil transported to refining its content should constitute up to 0.3%. Generally the water is precipitated and separates easily from oil. Sometimes the oil-water mixture forms homogenous emulsion. For separation of such mixture a special method for water and oil is required. Therefore the oil dehydration is the basic and difficult task. Besides, dissolved in water salts are exposed to hydrolysis. Obtained upon hydrolysis HCl is soluted in the water and causes equipment tools corrosion. During last years in dehydration and desalting for the processes of oil extraction from oil-bearing rocks and soils and for separation processes the new, more improved production technology with use of solvents (fluids) in supercritical state finds a wide application. Taking this into account, in the Institute of Petrochemical Processes since 2001 the investigations on the use for the supercritical fluid extraction by carbon dioxide deasphalting, demetallization of oils and their heavy residues are conducted. On the basis of primary investigations a pilot installation for supercritical extraction process at a pilot plant of the Institute has been designed. At present time the investigations on mastering the installation are continuing. The application of oil processing with the use of CO2 on dehydration and desalting gives the promising positive results. The investigations in this direction are continuing. This method may be recommended for wide usage in oil refining practice.