Published October 2013
The investigation of selective treatment of the vacuum distillates from Baku oil mixtures
F.I. SamedovaAt the end of 2010 API Engine Service Classification System is recommended for gasoline engines move from SAE class to SN class. The main difference from the previous API SN classification is restricting the content of phosphorus in oils, compatibility with the neutralization of gases, comprehensive energy conservation, as well as the opportunity to work with fuels containing up to 85% of biofuels, the oil must have improved protection of the wear, corrosion and sliming. For a class of high-quality base oils SN there is a special method to prepare the ground, consisting of a two-stage fractionation of raw materials to produce the optimum fractional composition distillates. The article presents the results of selective treatment of vacuum distillates 480-530 C using the Baku oil less environmentally harmful solvent: N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), N-formilmorfolin (NFM), carbon dioxide in the supercritical state (SC-CO2), used separately and with the mixture. The possibility of obtaining selective treatment of the raffinate for the issuance of the base oil SN-650 with the use of a narrow fraction of the Baku petroleum vacuum distillate and environmentally friendly solvents in the ratio of the distillate is shown: NMP = 1:1, the reduction of the NMP flow and regulation of 1:0.5 extract yield an introduction to the NFM system and the SC-CO2. In the production of base oils from Baku crudes under selective treatment is appropriate to use the narrow (50-60 C) fractions, in order to achieve the viscosity index of at least 90 according to the original oils to choose from them distillate oils with viscosity index no less than 70.
